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Data from: Evolutionary dynamics of the leaf phenological cycle in an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.1g12v
- 摘要：
- It has been predicted that environmental changes will radically alter the selective pressures on phenological traits. Long-lived species, such as trees, will be particularly affected, as they may need to undergo major adaptive change over only one or a few generations. The traits describing the annual life cycle of trees are generally highly evolvable, but nothing is known about the strength of their genetic correlations. Tight correlations can impose strong evolutionary constraints, potentially hampering the adaptation of multivariate phenological phenotypes. In this study, we investigated the evolutionary, genetic and environmental components of the timing of leaf unfolding and senescence within an oak metapopulation along an elevation gradient. Population divergence, estimated from in situ and common garden data, was compared to expectations under neutral selection, based on microsatellite markers. This approach made it possible (1) to evaluate the influence of genetic correlation on multivariate local adaptation to elevation and (2) to identify traits probably exposed to past selective pressures due to the colder climate at high elevation. The genetic correlation was positive but very weak, indicating that genetic constraints did not shape the local adaptation pattern for leaf phenology. Both spring and fall (leaf unfolding and senescence, respectively) phenology timings were involved in local adaptation, but leaf unfolding was probably the trait most exposed to climate change-induced selection. Our data indicated that genetic variation makes a much smaller contribution to adaptation than the considerable plastic variation displayed by a tree during its lifetime. The evolutionary potential of leaf phenology is, therefore, probably not the most critical aspect for short-term population survival in a changing climate.
Data from: Plasticity and heritability of morphological variation within and between parapatric stickleback demes
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.615sc2rv
- 摘要：
- acting on body size and shape (QST). Nevertheless, uniform compressive variation did exceed neutral expectations, yet despite evidence of both allometry
Data from: Predicting local adaptation in fragmented plant populations: implications for restoration genetics
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.1qp8v
- 摘要：
- Understanding patterns and correlates of local adaptation in heterogeneous landscapes can provide important information in the selection of appropriate seed sources for restoration. We assessed the extent of local adaptation of fitness components in 12 population pairs of the perennial herb Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides (Asteraceae) and examined if spatial scale (0.7 – 600km), environmental distance, quantitative Q_ST and neutral genetic differentiation F_ST, and size of the local and foreign populations could predict patterns of adaptive differentiation. Local adaptation varied among populations and fitness components. Including all population pairs, local adaptation was observed for seedling survival, but not for biomass, while foreign genotype advantage was observed for reproduction (number of inflorescences). Among population pairs, local adaptation increased with Q_ST and local population size for biomass. Q_ST was associated with environmental distance, suggesting ecological selection for phenotypic divergence. However, low F_ST and variation in population structure in small populations demonstrates the interaction of gene flow and drift in constraining local adaptation in R. leptorrhynchoides. Our study indicates that for species in heterogeneous landscapes, collecting seed from large populations from similar environments to candidate sites is likely to provide the most appropriate seed sources for restoration.
Data from: Trait variation in response to varying winter temperatures, diversity patterns and signatures of selection along the latitudinal distribution of the widespread grassland plant Arrhenatherum elatius
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.1b5t7
- 摘要：
- Across Europe, genetic diversity can be expected to decline toward the North because of stochastic and selective effects which may imply diminished phenotypic variation and less potential for future genetic adaptations to environmental change. Understanding such latitudinal patterns can aid provenance selection for breeding or assisted migration approaches. In an experiment simulating different winter temperatures, we assessed quantitative trait variation, genetic diversity, and differentiation for natural populations of the grass Arrhenatherum elatius originating from a large latitudinal gradient. In general, populations from the North grew smaller and had a lower flowering probability. Toward the North, the absolute plastic response to the different winter conditions as well as heritability for biomass production significantly declined. Genetic differentiation in plant height and probability of flowering were very strong and significantly higher than under neutral expectations derived from SNP data, suggesting adaptive differentiation. Differentiation in biomass production did not exceed but mirrored patterns for neutral genetic differentiation, suggesting that migration-related processes caused the observed clinal trait variation. Our results demonstrate that genetic diversity and trait differentiation patterns for A. elatius along a latitudinal gradient are likely shaped by both local selection and genetic drift.
Data from: Selection on the morphology-physiology-performance nexus: lessons from freshwater stickleback morphs
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.73kb7
- 摘要：
- and quantified their lateral plate coverage, burst- and critical swimming speeds, as well as standard and active metabolic rates. Using a multivariate QST-FST
Data from: Phenotypic landscapes: phenological patterns in wild and cultivated barley
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.ph35f
- 摘要：
- can be differentiated into three ecotypes in accordance with their ecogeographic distribution: north, coast, and desert. Population differentiation (Qst) for each trait
Data from: Local selection modifies phenotypic divergence among Rana temporaria populations in the presence of gene flow
- 负责人：
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.1198
- 摘要：
- genetic traits (QST) obtained from a common garden experiment with differentiation in presumably neutral microsatellite markers (FST). We found that R. temporaria
Data from: Contemporary evolution during invasion: evidence for differentiation, natural selection, and local adaptation
- 负责人：
- 关键词：
- Adaptation Contemporary Evolution Invasive Species Quantitative Genetics Ecological Genetics Natural Selection and Contemporary Evolution
- DOI：
- doi:10.5061/dryad.gt678
- 摘要：
- , but simulations demonstrate that nonadaptive trait clines can evolve frequently during colonization (~two-thirds of simulations). Additionally, QST-FST studies ma
