Panoramic view of Los Angeles overlooking the intersection at Fourth Street and Olive Street, ca.1900-1909

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关键词：

buildings Los Angeles -- General views Views

DOI：

doi:10.25549/chs-m2687

摘要：

of Tidy Togs", "Forve Pettebone Co. gas and electric fixtures", "Mammoth Shoe Co., wholesale dept.", "321 Hotel Diller, furnished", "Ha[nl]ey King &

St Thomas Street \/ Chapman's Yard, Scarborough. A programme of Archaeological Investigations

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Historic England;;University Of Birmingham

关键词：

SHOE COPPER ALLOY Waterlogged CERAMIC WATCHING BRIEF EXCAVATION EVALUATION CLAY PIPE (SMOKING) Animal Bone SHERD

DOI：

doi:10.5284/1046271

摘要：

An archaeological evaluation and subsequent excavation was undertaken byBirmingham Archaeology, of land off North Street, Scarborough. Thework was commissioned by Phoenix Consulting Archaeology Ltd, initially onbehalf of Crest Nicholson Estates and subsequently by Hampton Brook DevelopmentsLtd. The work was undertaken in order to inform the planning process prior tothe proposed development of the site. Subsequent to the building work a final phaseof watching brief took place in Spring 2004. Nothing of archaeological significancewas recorded during that phase of work.The fieldwork was carried out on the site in January 2003. The evaluation of seventrenches illustrated that across the majority of the site extensive post-medievalbuilding foundations and associated areas of levelling and drainage had severelyreduced the potential for the recovery of surviving medieval remains. However,archaeological evidence proved to survive somewhat better in two trenches (5 and 7),such that it was required that they be extended, each to a minimum area of 5.0m by5.0m. Overall, two phases of activity were identifiable. These two phases were quitebroadly defined due to the widespread impact of later medieval and post-medievalactivity on the site.Phase 1 (late medieval to early post-medieval), was characterised by a number of pitsor tanks exposed in Trench 5. The recovered artefacts suggest that these featuresrelated to a phase of archaeological activity during or just after the late medievalperiod. The presence of post-medieval pottery and pieces of clay-pipe at the base of anumber of features in the Trench 5 was indicative of the view that the potential forextensive survival of medieval remains was unlikely.Phase 2 (late post-medieval to early modern), was characterised by a number ofparallel linear features representing a network of drains. These containedwaterlogged deposits and an interesting assemblage of pottery. In addition, furtherpits and linear features were exposed. Overall, evidence of early modern buildingactivity throughout the site highlighted the widespread nature of trunctation anddisturbance.Subsequently, a watching brief was undertaken at Chapman's Yard, Scarborough. The project was commissioned by Phoenix Consulting on behalf of Crest Nicholson Properties Ltd. Documentary evidence and previous field evaluation of the site suggested the presence of an early medieval settlement, a medieval church, a cemetery and hospital, together with an eighteenth century poorhouse and a nineteenth century workhouse. However, much of the Chapman's Yard area was truncated by nineteenth century cellars, reducing the potential for surviving earlier deposits.The watching brief identified nineteenth century layer of black silt containing residual seventeenth to nineteenth century ceramics. The animal bone assemblage suggested butchery and tanning had formerly taken place at Chapman's Yard. A large stone built reservoir was identified on the site, which appears to have been contemporary with mid-nineteenth century buildings.