BioCarbon Fund Experience : Insights from Afforestation and Reforestation Clean Development Mechanism Projects

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作者：

World Bank

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27108

关键词：

AFFORESTATION;  ANNUAL EMISSION;  ANNUAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS;  ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSION;  ATMOSPHERE;  BASELINE DETERMINATION;  BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION;  BIOMASS;  BIOMASS BURNING;  CALCULATION;  CARBON;  CARBON CREDIT;  CARBON CREDITS;  CARBON DIOXIDE;  CARBON FINANCE;  CARBON MARKET;  CARBON MARKETS;  CARBON PAYMENTS;  CARBON PROJECT;  CARBON PROJECTS;  CARBON REVENUES;  CARBON SEQUESTRATION;  CARBON STOCK;  CARBON STOCK CHANGES;  CERTAIN EXTENT;  CERTIFICATION PROCESS;  CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTIONS;  CLEAN DEVELOPMENT;  CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM;  CLEAN TECHNOLOGY;  CLIMATE;  CLIMATE CHANGE;  CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION;  CO;  CO2;  COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT;  COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION;  DEGRADED AREAS;  DEGRADED LANDS;  DESERTIFICATION;  DEVELOPED COUNTRIES;  DISCOUNT RATES;  DNA;  ECOLOGY;  ECONOMIC CONDITIONS;  ECONOMICS;  ECONOMIES OF SCALE;  ECOSYSTEMS;  EMISSION;  EMISSION REDUCTIONS;  EMISSION REDUCTIONS PURCHASE AGREEMENT;  EMISSIONS;  EMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATION;  ENVIRONMENTAL;  ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS;  ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY;  ENVIRONMENTS;  FINANCIAL RESOURCES;  FOREST;  FOREST AREA;  FOREST CARBON;  FOREST CARBON STOCKS;  FOREST DEGRADATION;  FOREST INVENTORY;  FOREST LANDS;  FOREST MANAGEMENT;  FOREST PROJECT;  FOREST PROJECTS;  FOREST RESTORATION;  FORESTRY;  FORESTRY ACTIVITIES;  FORESTRY PROJECTS;  FORESTRY SECTOR;  FORESTS;  FOSSIL FUELS;  FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE;  FUEL;  FUEL WOOD;  GHG;  GREENHOUSE;  GREENHOUSE GAS;  IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE;  INCOME;  INTERVENTIONS;  IPCC;  LAND TENURE;  LAND USE;  LAND-USE ACTIVITIES;  LIVING CONDITIONS;  LOCAL ENVIRONMENT;  LOCAL PARTICIPATION;  MITIGATING CLIMATE CHANGE;  NATURAL CAPITAL;  NEGATIVE IMPACTS;  ORGANIC CARBON;  QUALITY EMISSION REDUCTIONS;  REDUCING EMISSIONS;  RURAL AREAS;  RURAL COMMUNITIES;  RURAL DEVELOPMENT;  RURAL ENERGY;  STREAMS;  SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT;  SUSTAINABLE FOREST;  SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT;  SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT;  TIMBER;  TOTAL EMISSION REDUCTIONS;  TRANSACTION COSTS;  TREE VEGETATION;  VALIDATION PROCESS;  VALIDATION REPORT;  VERIFICATION PROCESS;  VERIFICATION REPORT;  WETLANDS;  WILLINGNESS TO PAY;  Report; 

年份：

2011

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Carbon finance recognizes the contribution of projects to mitigating climate change. To be able to access carbon finance, projects can certify their emission reductions under a variety of standards, one of which is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Project developers can sell their carbon credits either in the voluntary or the regulated market. Since 2002, projects from diverse sectors have been applying the CDM modalities and procedures to generate Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) that are traded in the carbon market Afforestation/Reforestation (A/R) is one out of the 15 sectors that can generate carbon credits under the CDM. The purpose of this document is to share the experience of the BioCarbon Fund (BioCF) of the World Bank in developing and implementing 21 A/R CDM projects in 16 countries. This experience shows that the benefits associated with A/R CDM projects support the livelihood of rural people and their local environment in a significant manner. However, depending on their capacity, projects may struggle with getting credit certification and the associated benefits. This report presents the opportunities and challenges A/R CDM projects face and presents recommendations to facilitate their design and implementation as well as to scale them up significantly.