Cambodian Agriculture in Transition : Opportunities and Risks

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作者：

World Bank Group

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22680

关键词：

AGRICULTURAL POLICIES;  AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH;  FISH;  VEGETABLE CROP;  YIELD RESPONSE;  ORGANIC MATTER;  SORGHUM;  SEED TRADE;  SOIL CONSERVATION;  POVERTY RATES;  PESTICIDE;  CASSAVA;  ROOTS;  AGRICULTURAL WORKER;  INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS;  LARGE FARMS;  IFPRI;  COVER CROPS;  CAPACITY BUILDING;  NUTRIENT CONTENT;  MILLED RICE;  HIGH-VALUE PRODUCTS;  GREENHOUSE GAS;  PESTICIDES;  FERTILIZERS;  ANIMAL HEALTH;  CROP YIELD;  CROP PRODUCTION;  CEREALS;  TRAINING;  THRESHING;  LETTUCE;  PLANT BREEDERS RIGHTS;  CULTIVATED RICE;  RAW MATERIALS;  SEEDS;  SOYBEANS;  RICE MILLING;  CROP ROTATION;  PUBLIC AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH;  BIODIVERSITY;  BEAN;  PALM OIL;  MARKETS;  PESTICIDE USE;  FRUITS;  VEGETABLES;  FORESTRY;  INDICATORS;  FARMERS;  BARLEY;  NATURAL RESOURCES;  PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION;  CROPS;  COMMODITY PRICE;  INFRASTRUCTURE;  FARM PRODUCTS;  USAID;  CROP YIELDS;  AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS;  HYBRID SEEDS;  EXTENSION PROGRAMS;  FARMLAND;  CROP;  AGRICULTURAL PRICE;  AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS;  SOIL DEPLETION;  LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT;  MAIZE YIELDS;  REPORTS;  RURAL POVERTY;  ORGANIC FERTILIZERS;  COFFEE;  BEVERAGES;  AGRICULTURE;  CROP LAND;  FAO;  MALNUTRITION;  PEST MANAGEMENT;  EGGS;  HYBRIDS;  SOIL DEGRADATION;  FOOD DEMAND;  WATER USE EFFICIENCY;  NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT;  FISHERIES;  MICROFINANCE;  AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES;  PADDY FIELDS;  TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER;  CORN;  IRRIGATION;  FOOD SAFETY;  RICE CULTIVATION;  RICE VARIETIES;  FEED;  MEATS;  AVERAGE YIELDS;  POPULATION;  AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION;  WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE;  AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE;  SOIL FERTILITY;  COMMODITIES;  CROP DATA;  FOOD PRICES;  COMMODITY PRICES;  SEASONS;  GRAIN;  AGRICULTURAL TRADE;  RICE INDUSTRY;  AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS;  HARVEST;  PINEAPPLE;  AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES;  MANURE;  POULTRY;  AGRICULTURAL GROWTH;  THAILAND;  AGRICULTURAL CENSUS;  URBANIZATION;  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION;  AGRICULTURAL CREDIT;  TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION;  UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT;  GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS;  MILK;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION;  UNITED NATIONS;  AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT;  ANIMALS;  AGRICULTURES;  SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE;  NITROGEN FERTILIZERS;  CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS;  AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION;  VEGETABLE CROPS;  ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY;  SOYBEAN OIL;  PLANNING;  CROP VARIETIES;  RURAL POPULATION;  WATER RESOURCES;  AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION;  ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK;  LANDS;  PLANS;  POVERTY REDUCTION;  AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES;  COCONUT;  MAIZE;  ARABLE LAND;  CROP AREAS;  AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES;  AGROFORESTRY;  IDENTITY;  AGRICULTURAL EXPORT;  AGRICULTURAL MARKETS;  POPULATION GROWTH;  HYBRID MAIZE;  CROP PRODUCTION VALUE;  INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT;  CROP PRODUCTION SYSTEMS;  CROP DIVERSIFICATION;  WEED CONTROL;  ANIMAL DISEASE;  NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT;  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT;  HERBICIDES;  ORGANIC FERTILIZER;  AGRICULTURAL PRICES;  TILLERS;  RESEARCH;  AVERAGE YIELD;  FARMING;  LIVESTOCK;  PLANT BREEDERS;  BIRTH RATE;  BIOLOGICAL CONTROLS;  RURAL ROADS;  ANIMAL MANURE;  VEGETABLE PRODUCTION;  BULK CARGO;  AGRICULTURAL AREA;  AGRICULTURAL POLICY;  PADDY RICE;  SEED VARIETIES;  TECHNOLOGY;  BORDER TRADE;  AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE;  BEEF;  FARMERS’  ORGANIZATIONS;  EXTENSION AGENTS;  FOOD SECURITY;  AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMS;  CLIMATE CHANGE;  AGRICULTURAL CROPS;  AGRIBUSINESS;  PESTS;  SOIL NUTRIENTS;  IFDC;  RICE YIELDS;  RICE CROPS;  HERBICIDE;  CREDIT;  BUDGETS;  DEFORESTATION;  ANIMAL TRACTION;  RURAL INFRASTRUCTURE;  FORESTS;  AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION;  WORKING CAPITAL;  AGRICULTURAL LAND;  DRIP IRRIGATION;  CATTLE;  EXTENSION ORGANIZATIONS;  AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT;  AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES;  IRRI;  AGRICULTURAL INPUTS;  VEGETABLE PRODUCERS;  INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTS;  COTTON;  ACCESS TO CREDIT;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS;  AGRICULTURAL WORKERS;  QUARANTINE;  SUGARCANE;  LARGE FARM;  INVESTMENT;  PADDY AREA;  FARMS;  MEAT;  BROCCOLI;  INNOVATION;  WHEAT;  SOILS;  AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY;  RICE;  CROP MANAGEMENT;  GREEN REVOLUTION;  FARMING SYSTEMS;  AGRICULTURAL OPERATIONS;  ADB;  RURAL DEVELOPMENT;  AGRICULTURAL WORK;  COST ANALYSIS;  SOIL QUALITY;  SUGAR;  Report; 

年份：

2015

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

This report seeks to understand the successes, challenges and opportunities of Cambodia’s agricultural transformation over the past decade to derive lessons and insights on how to maintain future agricultural growth, and particularly on the government’s role in facilitating it. It is prepared per the request of the Supreme National Economic Council and the Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries and is based on the primary farm data surveys from 2005 and 2013, and the secondary data from various sources. In 2013-2014, the agricultural growth slowed down to 1 percent from its average of 5.3 percent over 2004-2012. Is the country in transition to a slower agricultural growth? Cambodia can ill afford it because agricultural growth will be critical to continued poverty reduction in the country, given its large size in the economy. Market and private investment friendly policies and targeted public sector investments in irrigation, extension, and other ‘public good’ agricultural services, as feasible within the government’s total budget, can help secure continued robust agricultural growth. The remaining report is organized as follows. Chapter two presents key facts about Cambodia’s recent agricultural development using data from national accounts and various reports. Chapter three provides evidence from the field that explains the changes observed in the national accounts. Chapter four illustrates developments in farming systems, farm budgets, and farm incomes compared to nonfarm incomes. Chapter five presents a farm competitiveness analysis. Chapter six discusses the sources of past growth and their limitations and presents an analysis of (likely) future sources of agricultural growth. Chapter seven presents a long-term vision for the sector, while chapter eight simulates policies and the changes in farm incomes needed to realize this vision. Chapter nine discusses the policy agenda, with implementation details based on national and global experiences. Chapter ten concludes with a summary of the report and policy recommendations. Annexes present the methodology of the 2013 farm survey, detailed farm budgets by crop, projections of selected indicators, and results of the policy simulations.