Unlocking Firm Level Productivity and Promoting More Inclusive Growth : The Role of Innovation in Ethiopia

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作者：

World Bank Group

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23792

关键词：

COMPUTER LITERACY;  COORDINATION MECHANISM;  FINANCIAL SERVICES;  ENVIRONMENT FOR INNOVATION;  EQUIPMENT;  ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT;  FINANCIAL INVESTMENT;  CUSTOMER;  GLOBAL MARKETS;  MATERIALS;  GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE;  SEARCH;  POLICY FRAMEWORK;  GOVERNMENT FUNDING;  ENTERPRISE SURVEY;  MEDIUM ENTERPRISES;  MONITORING;  MEDIUM ENTERPRISE;  CAPACITY BUILDING;  PRICE;  JOINT VENTURES;  MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS;  MARKET ACCESS;  INFORMATION SYSTEMS;  TRADITIONAL BUSINESS;  PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT;  BUSINESS PROCESS;  COMPUTER;  COMMUNICATIONS;  HUMAN RESOURCE;  DATA;  ADVERTISING;  TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE;  COMMERCE;  PERFORMANCE INDICATORS;  DOMAIN;  BUDGET ALLOCATION;  TARGETS;  MARKET DEMANDS;  AFFORDABLE ACCESS;  FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS;  BUYERS;  CONSULTANT;  STANDARDIZATION;  ACTION PLAN;  MATERIAL;  INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION;  NETWORK SYSTEMS;  ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS;  NATURAL RESOURCES;  EMPLOYMENT CREATION;  CAPITAL INVESTMENTS;  IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY;  INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS;  R&;  D;  BUSINESS PROCESSES;  HUMAN CAPITAL;  INSPECTION;  PROCUREMENT;  BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICES;  INTERNATIONAL TRADE;  INNOVATION POLICIES;  SOFTWARE;  BEST PRACTICES;  ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION;  BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT;  MOBILE PHONE;  COMPETITIVENESS;  FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT;  ELECTRICITY;  FOREIGN INVESTMENT;  EXPORT DEVELOPMENT;  NETWORKS;  BEST PRACTICE;  E-BOOKS;  PRIVATE SECTOR;  SUPPLY CHAIN;  INVENTION;  RESULT;  GOVERNMENT POLICIES;  INNOVATION POLICY;  ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT;  INPUT PROVIDERS;  ICT;  SUPPLY CHAINS;  INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SYSTEM;  TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER;  TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE;  BUSINESS;  BUSINESSES;  PHONES;  ACCESS TO TECHNOLOGIES;  COMMERCIAL BANKS;  ELECTRONIC PAYMENT;  ACCESS TO SERVICES;  ACTION PLANS;  BROADBAND CONNECTIONS;  PERFORMANCE;  BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT;  COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE;  COMPETITIVE PRICES;  PRODUCT INNOVATION;  POLICY SUPPORT;  INSTITUTION;  SITES;  FINANCIAL SUPPORT;  DECISION MAKING PROCESS;  CHAMBER OF COMMERCE;  COMMUNICATION;  PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS;  INFRARED;  NEW TECHNOLOGY;  SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT;  TURNOVER RATES;  POLICY FORMULATION;  TECH SUPPORT;  COMMODITIES;  COMMUNICATION STRATEGY;  CAPITAL INVESTMENT;  PAYMENT SYSTEMS;  SOCIAL ENTERPRISE;  REGULATORY FRAMEWORK;  PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP;  INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY;  GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS;  BUYER;  MARKET OPPORTUNITY;  CAPABILITY;  VALUE CHAIN;  PAYMENT SYSTEM;  INFORMATION;  INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT;  LEGAL ASSISTANCE;  ENTERPRISE SURVEYS;  PRIVATE SECTOR FIRMS;  DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS;  TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION;  BUSINESS MODELS;  ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS;  FOREIGN INVESTMENTS;  ENABLING ENVIRONMENT;  SATELLITE;  HARDWARE;  NEW TECHNOLOGIES;  INSTITUTIONS;  LINK;  HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT;  ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY;  COMPUTERS;  NECESSARY SKILLS;  TELECOMMUNICATIONS;  EXPORT EARNINGS;  ELECTRONIC TRANSFER;  MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY;  PRODUCTIVITY;  MARKETING;  LIMITED ACCESS;  PRIVATE INVESTMENT;  LINKS;  PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT;  SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT;  EXPORT MARKET;  BROADBAND;  PROCUREMENT PROCESSES;  CAPABILITIES;  ACCESS TO INFORMATION;  MANUFACTURING;  USERS;  PHONE;  TECHNOLOGY;  TRANSACTION;  RELIABILITY;  PRODUCT INNOVATIONS;  RESULTS;  RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE;  GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS;  EXPORT PROMOTION;  BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT SERVICE;  MARKET SHARE;  LICENSES;  SECURITY;  BUSINESS SECTOR;  NETWORK;  ID;  BIOTECHNOLOGY;  HUMAN RESOURCES;  TELECOM;  INNOVATION;  ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES;  MOBILE PHONES;  PROFIT;  INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY;  BUSINESS REGULATIONS;  BUSINESS MODEL;  INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK;  CUSTOMERS;  DATABASE;  PROFITS;  COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY;  SOCIAL ISSUES;  TECHNOLOGIES;  TARGET;  PRICES;  INNOVATIONS;  TECHNICAL STANDARDS;  PRODUCTION PROCESSES;  Report; 

年份：

2016

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Rapid and consistent economic growth of Ethiopia over the past decade has contributed to reducing the number of people living in poverty. The Government of Ethiopia has created the growth and transformation plan (GTP), focusing on two overarching themes: fostering competitiveness and employment, and enhancing resilience and reducing vulnerabilities. This plan recognizes that for poverty reduction and economic growth to be sustainable, the Ethiopian economic structure will have to undergo a fundamental transformation. In accordance with a focus on poverty reduction and economic growth, the GTP has identified five main levers for change: public sector investment in infrastructure to lay the ground for private sector development, enhancement of policies and regulations to provide an environment conducive to competitiveness and productivity, expanding access to credit for small and medium size enterprises, provision of training and education to augment the supply of skilled labor, and improved access to land. Technological adoption and innovation will play a crucial role in delivering the goals laid out in the GTP. Participation in foreign markets also induces firms to become more innovative, a phenomenon known as learning through exporting, as observed among Ethiopian leather exporters. Another vital determinant of innovative activity is the accumulation of human capital and the skill level of the workforce. This study seeks: (i) to empirically analyze the extent of innovative activities that formal firms are undertaking in Ethiopia; (ii) to conduct a review of the existing innovation landscape; and (iii) to identify opportunities to foster innovations at the base of the pyramid (BoP) in Ethiopia. This study is structured as follows: chapter one gives introduction. Chapter two provides a detailed overview of the characteristics of growth and innovation, by providing key insights based on the enterprise survey analysis on the characteristics, motivations, operational and market environment and constraints of the innovators in Ethiopia. Chapter three assesses the innovation landscape in Ethiopia, by looking at the governmental and private agencies responsible to promote innovation, as well as active programs, and donor initiatives which may play a role in promoting firm level and pro-poor innovations. Chapter four provides policy recommendations to promote innovation in Ethiopia both at the firm level and in the form of pro-poor initiatives.