Transparency in Revenues from Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining of Tin, Tantalum, Tungsten and Gold in Burundi

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作者：

World Bank Group

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23796

关键词：

MINING OPERATORS;  ARTISANAL MINING;  ARTISANAL MINERS;  EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES;  DEPOSIT;  EQUIPMENT;  TIN;  DEPOSITS;  MINERAL LICENSE;  MINING LICENSE;  VANADIUM;  STOCK;  FOREIGN INVESTORS;  TUNGSTEN;  SUSTAINABILITY;  TANTALUM;  MINING REGULATIONS;  GOLD MINING;  MINERAL PRODUCTION;  EXCHANGE;  MINING SECTOR;  TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE;  ORES;  EXPORTERS;  ASM SECTOR;  REVENUES;  MINERAL EXTRACTION;  SCALE MINING;  GAS;  TAX;  CLOSURE;  ARTISANAL GOLD;  INTERNATIONAL BANK;  MINERAL PRICES;  MINERAL SECTOR;  ASM;  OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH;  ARTISANAL MINING COMMUNITIES;  MINING LICENSES;  GRAVEL;  INDEBTEDNESS;  EXCHANGE COMMISSION;  SMALL- SCALE;  OIL;  LICENSE HOLDERS;  GOVERNMENT POLICY;  MINING EQUIPMENT;  MINERAL DEPOSITS;  MINING PERMIT;  SMALL- SCALE MINING;  GOLD;  GOLD MINES;  TRADING;  SAND;  MINING COMPANIES;  MARKETS;  REVENUE STREAMS;  PRIVATE INVESTMENT;  EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE;  MINE SITES;  PROSPECTING;  REHABILITATION MINING;  MINING INDUSTRY;  DIRECT INVESTMENT;  BANKING SECTORS;  LANDOWNER;  NATURAL RESOURCES;  SMELTER;  NICKEL;  ARTISANAL AND SMALL-SCALE MINING;  KAOLIN;  MINING PRODUCTS;  FINANCE;  MINING HISTORY;  ACTIVE MINES;  MARKET PRICE;  TAXES;  ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE;  ACCESS TO INFORMATION;  TRANSACTIONS;  INVESTORS;  ARTISANAL AND SMALL- SCALE MINING;  COLLECTION PROCESS;  REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS;  GOOD;  REVENUE FLOWS;  MINERAL RESOURCES;  TRANSPARENCY;  GEOLOGY;  HEALTH AND SAFETY;  MARKET CONDITIONS;  ARTISANAL GOLD MINERS;  FUTURE;  OPERATING ENVIRONMENT;  MECHANIZED MINING;  FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT;  LOCAL MARKET;  OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY;  MINES;  URBAN AREAS;  GOLD MINERS;  SMALL SCALE;  QUARRIES;  MINERAL TYPE;  ISSUANCE;  SAFETY AND HEALTH;  MMSD;  MARKET;  MINERAL SUPPLY;  NIOBIUM;  FOREIGN EXCHANGE;  ARTISANAL MINING LICENSES;  MARKET VALUE;  SECURITIES;  MINING COMMUNITIES;  REVENUE COLLECTION;  MINING ACTIVITIES;  EXPLOITATION LICENSES;  MINE SITE;  LICENSE FEES;  MINING COMPANY;  LICENSE FEE;  GOODS;  SECURITY;  GEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK;  INTERNATIONAL MARKET;  INVESTMENT;  BREACH;  SHARE;  MINE OWNER;  POVERTY;  WOLFRAM;  ASM ACTIVITIES;  ROCKS;  REVENUE;  PROFIT;  REVENUE TRANSPARENCY;  CHILD LABOR;  MINING AREAS;  SMALL-SCALE MINING;  SMALL-SCALE;  EXCHANGE RATE;  MINERALS SECTOR;  EITI;  SMALL DEPOSITS;  INVESTMENT CAPITAL;  INDUSTRIAL MINING LICENSES;  COMMODITY PRICES;  GOLD PRODUCTION;  GUARANTEE;  CONSUMER PROTECTION;  BOOK ENTRY;  PAYMENT OF TAXES;  STOCK MARKETS;  REGISTRATION PROCESS;  MIDDLEMEN;  MINERALS;  Report; 

年份：

2016

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Burundi has a wide range of mineral deposits of which tin, tantalum and tungsten ores, along with gold, are its primary mineral exports. Burundi’s geological endowment also includes nickel, rare earths, vanadium, and construction materials. The majority of mineral extraction is carried out by artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) which is officially structured through cooperatives. Tin, tantalum, tungsten (from the minerals cassiterite, tantalite and wolframite and often referred to as the ‘3Ts’) and gold are the primary minerals mined and exported. Improvements in the gold sector are where the Burundian Government stands to make the greatest gains though this is complex to achieve and needs a very practical strategy which is grounded in market and trade realities. Taxation is one element of this but should not be considered in isolation. Engagement with the existing market and finding incentives for formalization is essential. The Government of Burundi should showcase its efforts to improve transparency and traceability. The next step will be to use EITI and iTSCi standards to help to meet the basic needs of artisanal mining communities and to contribute to formalization. This will promote positive perceptions and acceptance of both systems to the benefit of Burundi’s mineral sector and national revenues.