Ethiopia Public Expenditure Review

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作者：

World Bank Group

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24370

关键词：

TAX INCENTIVES;  SANITATION;  WASTE;  DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES;  DEFICIT;  RISKS;  BASIC SERVICES;  ECONOMIC GROWTH;  DOMESTIC REVENUE;  GOVERNMENT FINANCES;  PEOPLE;  CAPITAL ACCUMULATION;  ANTENATAL CARE;  AGGREGATE SPENDING;  PUBLIC EDUCATION;  PREVENTION;  HEALTH EXPENDITURES;  PUBLIC SECTOR;  GOVERNMENT SPENDING;  NEEDS ASSESSMENT;  LOCAL REVENUE;  SOCIAL WORK;  PROGRAMS;  SERVICES;  TAX BASES;  FISCAL ENVELOPE;  HEALTH INSURANCE;  INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT;  HEALTH CARE;  REVENUES;  GROWTH MODEL;  REAL GROWTH;  EDUCATION EXPENDITURES;  PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE;  INCENTIVES;  EXTERNAL GRANTS;  HEALTH;  CAPITAL STOCK;  FISCAL ANALYSIS;  INCOME TAX;  ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH;  BENEFICIARIES;  CORPORATE INCOME TAX;  TOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE;  PUBLIC HEALTH;  LIFE EXPECTANCY;  DEFICIT FINANCING;  POVERTY REDUCTION;  BUDGET;  FISCAL CAPACITY;  TOTAL PUBLIC SECTOR;  KNOWLEDGE;  HEALTH SECTOR;  DISABILITIES;  COST EFFECTIVENESS;  CAPITAL BUDGET;  TOTAL EXPENDITURE;  HEALTH OUTCOME;  IMMUNIZATION;  PATIENTS;  PATIENT;  INTERVENTION;  SECONDARY SCHOOLS;  HEALTH INDICATORS;  HEALTH SYSTEMS;  PERSONAL INCOME;  HEALTH CENTERS;  DEVOLUTION OF RESOURCES;  AGING;  SOCIAL INSURANCE;  NURSES;  OBSERVATION;  FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS;  DEBT;  OPERATING EXPENSES;  POLLUTION;  DISASTERS;  BUDGET DEFICIT;  SOCIAL SECURITY;  SOCIAL PROTECTION;  DOMESTIC DEBT;  EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE;  CAPITAL EXPENDITURE;  REAL INTEREST RATE;  SERVICE DELIVERY;  PUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEW;  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT;  PROGRAM EXPENDITURE;  RECURRENT EXPENDITURE;  MORTALITY;  EXPENDITURE DATA;  SOCIAL SUPPORT;  PUBLIC INVESTMENT;  EDUCATION SPENDING;  FISCAL DEFICIT;  HEALTH SPENDING;  PRIMARY SCHOOLS;  PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES;  EXPENDITURE;  INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT;  EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC SPENDING;  UNEMPLOYMENT;  SOCIAL SAFETY NETS;  GROSS FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION;  PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS;  ACCOUNTABILITY;  WORKERS;  TAX RATE;  GOVERNMENT BUDGET;  AGED;  TRANSPARENCY;  SOCIAL SERVICES;  AGGREGATE FISCAL MANAGEMENT;  FISCAL FRAMEWORK;  PUBLIC EXPENDITURE;  BUDGET DATA;  DOMESTIC TAXATION;  FEDERAL BUDGET;  HEALTH OUTCOMES;  PUBLIC ENTERPRISES;  GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE;  HYGIENE;  FAMILY PLANNING;  GOVERNMENT REVENUE;  STRESS;  EXPENDITURES;  DECISION-MAKING;  FISCAL CONTRACTION;  TAX RATES;  PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM;  NUTRITION;  ECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION;  FISCAL STANCE;  PRIMARY HEALTH CARE;  WASTE DISPOSAL;  TAX REVENUE;  INTERNET;  SECTOR MINISTRIES;  CAPITAL SPENDING;  FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY;  PERSONAL INCOME TAX;  OUTPATIENT CARE;  WEIGHT;  PHYSICIANS;  COMMUNICABLE DISEASES;  AGGREGATE FISCAL FRAMEWORK;  PUBLIC SECTOR SPECIALIST;  CHILDREN;  CLINICS;  PUBLIC CAPITAL;  DOMESTIC CREDIT;  TOTAL SPENDING;  MINISTRY OF FINANCE;  FISCAL MANAGEMENT;  PUBLIC FINANCES;  DEBT LIMITS;  HEALTH EXPENDITURE;  ALLOCATION;  SECTOR BUDGET;  TAX ADMINISTRATION;  EXTERNAL DEBT;  INSTITUTIONALIZATION;  CAPITAL EXPENDITURES;  ROAD CONSTRUCTION;  STRATEGY;  REGISTRATION;  FAMILIES;  MEDICINES;  AGGREGATE FISCAL;  HEALTH FINANCING;  PUBLIC SPENDING;  HOSPITALS;  HEALTH INTERVENTIONS;  PUBLIC SERVICE;  OUTCOMES;  GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS;  BUDGET STRATEGY;  BIRTH ATTENDANT;  INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS;  HEALTH SERVICES;  IMPLEMENTATION;  PREGNANCY;  FISCAL POSITION;  TAX STRUCTURE;  ABSENTEEISM;  SERVICE PROVIDERS;  DEBT RELIEF;  PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY;  Report; 

年份：

2016

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Ethiopia’s remarkable socio-economic transformation over the last decade has been marked by: a reorientation of expenditure from recurrent to capital; a significant devolution of resources from Federal Government to Regions; and a clear prioritization of infrastructure spending, while protecting spending on education at four percent of GDP. The Government of Ethiopia has also leveraged external resources to boost spending in pro-poor sectors, particularly health and social protection. As a result, Ethiopia is home to the largest social safety net program in Africa, and has also achieved remarkable health outcomes using cost effective approaches. Recent investments have seen a significant build-up of capital stock, with capital spending at sector level pointing towards increased service capacity. The current public investment-led strategy requires to be complemented by increased budgetary provisions in operations and maintenance so that new investments translate into enhanced service coverage and delivery. As Ethiopia lays the foundation to become a middle income country, and the changing global environment implies declining external assistance, it is imperative that domestic taxation activity support this transition. The current tax-to-GDP ratio is low compared to peer countries, and the tax structure would benefit from increased contributions by direct tax sources. Therefore, there is an immediate need for advancing tax reforms and improve capacity and quality of tax administration. Broadening the tax bases, through review of exemptions, as well as review of tax rates might be venues to consider. Additional revenues will create the much-needed fiscal space to increase funding for operations and maintenance for service delivery, and support fiscal sustainability. As a follow-up to this Public Expenditure Review, the Government of Ethiopia has asked the World Bank to provide further analytical support, with a view to enhance domestic revenue mobilization through simpler and more efficient taxation, while retaining equity priorities in public finances.