Of Taps and Toilets : Evaluating Community Demand-Driven Projects in Rural India

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作者：

World Bank

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/27733

关键词：

ACCESS TO SAFE WATER;  ACCESS TO SANITATION FACILITIES;  ADEQUATE WATER;  ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY;  BASIC SANITATION;  BEHAVIOR CHANGE;  BEHAVIORAL CHANGES;  CHILD HEALTH;  CHILD MORTALITY;  CLIMATE CHANGE;  CLINICS;  COMMUNITIES;  COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES;  COMMUNITY LEADERS;  COMMUNITY NORMS;  COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION;  COMMUNITY SERVICES;  COMMUNITY WATER;  COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLIES;  CONSTRUCTION OF LATRINES;  COST SAVINGS;  DECISION MAKING;  DELIVERY OF WATER SUPPLY;  DESCRIPTION;  DIARRHEA;  DIARRHEAL DISEASES;  DRINKING WATER;  DRINKING WATER QUALITY;  DRINKING WATER SUPPLY;  ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT;  ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH;  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION;  ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION;  EPIDEMIOLOGY;  FAMILY HEALTH;  GENDER;  GOOD SANITATION;  HANDWASHING;  HEALTH CARE;  HEALTH CARE FACILITIES;  HEALTH EFFECTS;  HEALTH INTERVENTIONS;  HEALTH OUTCOMES;  HEALTH POLICIES;  HEALTH PROMOTION;  HOUSEHOLD LATRINES;  HOUSEHOLDS;  HOUSING;  HOUSING CONDITIONS;  HYGIENE;  HYGIENE BEHAVIOR;  HYGIENE BEHAVIORS;  HYGIENE EDUCATION;  HYGIENE EDUCATION PROGRAMS;  HYGIENE PRACTICES;  HYGIENE PROJECTS;  IMPROVEMENTS IN HEALTH;  INADEQUATE WATER;  INADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY;  INFANT MORTALITY;  INFECTIOUS DISEASES;  INTERVENTION;  LATRINE CONSTRUCTION;  LAWS;  LITERS PER CAPITA PER DAY;  LOCAL CAPACITY;  MEDICAL RESEARCH;  MORTALITY;  MORTALITY RATE;  NUMBER OF PEOPLE WITHOUT ACCESS;  OCCUPATION;  OPEN DEFECATION;  PATIENTS;  POLLUTION;  PROVISION OF WATER;  PUBLIC HEALTH;  PUBLIC SANITATION;  PUBLIC WATER;  QUALITY WATER;  QUANTITY OF WATER;  RURAL AREA;  RURAL AREAS;  RURAL DEVELOPMENT;  RURAL DRINKING WATER;  RURAL SANITATION;  RURAL VILLAGES;  RURAL WATER;  RURAL WATER SUPPLY;  SAFE WATER;  SANITATION COMMITTEE;  SANITATION COVERAGE;  SANITATION FACILITIES;  SANITATION PRACTICES;  SANITATION PROMOTION;  SANITATION SECTOR;  SANITATION SERVICE;  SANITATION SERVICES;  SANITATION SITUATION;  SANITATION STRATEGY;  SANITATION SYSTEMS;  SELF-HELP;  SERVICE DELIVERY;  SOCIAL MARKETING;  SOCIAL MOBILIZATION;  STORAGE CONTAINERS;  STORAGE FOR DRINKING WATER;  TOILETS;  UNSAFE HYGIENE;  USE OF LATRINES;  USE OF TOILETS;  VACCINATION;  VILLAGE WATER;  WALKING;  WATER CONSUMPTION;  WATER QUALITY;  WATER QUANTITY;  WATER RESOURCES;  WATER SECTOR;  WATER SOURCE;  WATER SOURCES;  WATER STORAGE;  WATER SUPPLIES;  WATER SUPPLY SERVICES;  WATER TABLE;  WATER TREATMENT;  WATER USE;  WELLS;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2010

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

The study is conducted in two states with different geographic, public health, and socioeconomic characteristics, together spanning a range of conditions in rural India: Maharashtra and Orissa. The secondary objectives of the study were to develop proxy indicators for routine monitoring of the health impact of water and sanitation projects. A proxy is an easy-to-measure indicator for a hard to- measure impact. Here the goal is to identify the intermediate outcomes (for example coverage of toilets and taps) that are causally linked to the policy or intervention and to the outcome. The success of the analysis in establishing such links will determine the salience of the proxy indicators. Finally, World Bank also evaluate the broader impacts of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions on rural livelihoods, such as savings in time, materials, and money invested in coping activities; improvements in convenience and privacy; and indirect benefits to caregivers (for example gains in work efficiency, and time and work reallocation within the household).