Uruguay : Trade Competitiveness Diagnostic

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作者：

Portugal, Alberto

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23349

关键词：

MERCHANDISE;  MONETARY POLICY;  EXPORT MARKETS;  ECONOMIC GROWTH;  MULTILATERAL TRADE;  WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION;  PRODUCTION;  PRICE INCREASES;  LAGS;  UNDERVALUATION;  STOCK;  STRUCTURAL CHANGE;  INCOME;  REAL EXCHANGE RATES;  EXPECTATIONS;  INTEREST RATE;  SUPPLIER;  REAL GDP;  EXCHANGE;  GDP PER CAPITA;  LIQUIDITY;  EXPORTS;  DOMESTIC MARKET;  ELASTICITY;  FISCAL POLICY;  WELFARE;  GROSS VALUE;  INCENTIVES;  DEVALUATION;  DISTRIBUTION;  WORLD MARKETS;  VARIABLES;  MOV;  PRICE;  BENCHMARKS;  INPUTS;  TRADE FAIRS;  ITC;  PAYMENTS;  RISK AVERSE;  MARKET ACCESS;  FREE TRADE;  INFLATION;  MERCHANDISE TRADE;  TRENDS;  CENTRAL BANK;  DEVELOPMENT;  MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT;  MACROECONOMIC STABILITY;  PER CAPITA INCOMES;  LABOR MARKET;  FISCAL POLICIES;  TRADE BALANCE;  FEASIBILITY STUDIES;  COSTS;  PER CAPITA INCOME;  DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS;  EXPORT GROWTH;  PRICE VOLATILITY;  FIXED COSTS;  SURPLUS;  PRODUCTS;  EXCHANGE RATES;  PRODUCTIVITY;  DEBT;  MARKETS;  WTO;  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA;  DIRECT VALUE;  POTENTIAL OUTPUT;  ECONOMIC SIZE;  INCOME LEVELS;  TRADE POLICY;  PRODUCT;  NATURAL RESOURCES;  AVERAGING;  GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT;  TRADE COMPETITIVENESS;  EXPORT MARKET;  COMMODITY PRICE;  TRADE POLICIES;  EXPENDITURE;  COMMON MARKET;  EXTERNALITY;  PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH;  VALUE ADDED;  SURPLUSES;  WAGES;  INTERNATIONAL TRADE;  VOLATILITY;  FAIRS;  PRODUCTIVITY INCREASES;  FINANCIAL CRISIS;  MERCHANDISE EXPORTS;  VALUE;  BENCHMARKING;  COMPETITIVENESS;  CREDIT;  TRADE DEFICIT;  PURCHASING POWER;  DEMAND;  AGGREGATE DEMAND;  EXPECTED VALUE;  EXPENDITURES;  ECONOMY;  AGRICULTURE;  CONSUMERS;  TARIFF BARRIERS;  SHARES;  DEMAND GROWTH;  MARKET;  BENCHMARK;  ACCESS TO MARKETS;  TRADE LIBERALIZATION;  ECONOMIC LAW;  TRADE DIVERSION;  BUSINESS CYCLES;  TAXATION;  TRADE;  ECONOMIC INTEGRATION;  GDP;  GOODS;  THEORY;  SUPPLY CHAINS;  MARKET SHARE;  GROWTH RATE;  BILATERAL TRADE;  INVESTMENT;  COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE;  FINANCIAL MARKETS;  POSITIVE EXTERNALITY;  SUPPLY;  PURCHASING;  MARKETPLACE;  DECENTRALIZATION;  OVERVALUATION;  INVESTMENTS;  SUPPLIERS;  COMMODITY PRICES;  OUTCOMES;  INTERNATIONAL MARKETS;  WORLD MARKET;  POSITIVE EFFECTS;  PRICES;  PRODUCTION COSTS;  MERCHANDISE EXPORT;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2015

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

As a small economy, Uruguay's growth and poverty reduction prospects are closely related to its performance in international markets. This report analyzes export dynamics in Uruguay over the period 2000-2013, benchmarking them against relevant comparator countries. It looks at export outcomes through four different dimensions of export performance: (1) the evolution, composition, and growth orientation of the country's export basket; (2) the degree of diversification across products and markets; (3) the level of sophistication and quality; and (4) the survival rate of export relationships. The report offers a number of hypotheses for an in-depth competitiveness diagnostic of Uruguay's external sector, as well as policy recommendations to increase integration and to gain from it. In addition to the real depreciation of the peso that followed the crisis, the international prices of Uruguay's main export products soared. This stimulated investment in technological improvements in the production of these natural-resource-intensive products. Section one analyzes the macroeconomic environment in which exporters operate in Uruguay during the period of analysis. Section two looks at level, growth, composition, and market share performance of Uruguay's exports, as well as the country's main trading destinations. Section three focuses on the diversification of products and markets, considering several measures of concentration, including the share of top five products and markets in exports, and the Hirschman-Herfindahl index for Uruguay's export portfolio. Sections four and five address quality and sophistication and survival, respectively.