Honduras : Unlocking Economic Potential for Greater Opportunities

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作者：

Hernandez Ore, Marco Antonio

来源地址：

http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23119

关键词：

TAX INCENTIVES;  ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN;  CREDIT MARKETS;  MONETARY POLICY;  FINANCIAL SERVICES;  ECONOMIC GROWTH;  COMMUNITY SURVEY;  DEPOSITS;  FINANCING;  BRIBES;  MINIMUM WAGE;  PRIVATE ENTERPRISES;  INTEREST;  OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN;  PUBLIC EDUCATION;  PERSISTENT DISPARITIES;  REMITTANCE;  PRIVATE CREDIT;  DISCRIMINATION;  INEQUALITIES;  REVENUES;  MONEY TRANSFER;  CAPITAL STRUCTURE;  FISCAL POLICY;  CAPACITY BUILDING;  LOAN;  ENDOWMENT;  ACCESS TO TRAINING;  BORROWERS;  CAPITAL STOCK;  CORRUPTION;  CREDIT CARD;  LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION;  PAYMENTS;  SMALL FARMS;  ACCESS TO EDUCATION;  SMALL FARMERS;  ECONOMIC ACTIVITY;  LABOR MARKET;  GENDER GAP;  DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN;  FINANCIAL INSTITUTION;  MARKET DEVELOPMENT;  HIGH INTEREST RATES;  JOB OPPORTUNITIES;  EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT;  LAND MARKETS;  CONSUMER CREDIT;  CURRENT ACCOUNT;  CAPITAL FORMATION;  FINANCES;  OPERATIONAL COSTS;  EXCHANGE RATES;  PAYMENT;  DEBT;  ENTERPRISES;  FARMERS;  DEBT SERVICE;  PEOPLES;  ASSET ACCUMULATION;  FINANCIAL ACCOUNTS;  TERM CREDIT;  FINANCING COSTS;  BANK DEPOSITS;  SAVINGS ACCOUNT;  BANKS;  FISCAL DEFICIT;  INVESTMENT DECISIONS;  FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION;  HUMAN CAPITAL;  INFORMAL WORKERS;  CAPITAL;  LACK OF ACCESS;  BASIC NEEDS;  ACCESS TO FINANCE;  SOURCE OF INCOME;  GENDER;  BANK;  FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT;  FOREIGN INVESTMENT;  SMALLHOLDER;  HOUSEHOLD;  KEY CHALLENGE;  INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY;  DIVERSIFICATION;  EXPORT CROPS;  KEY CHALLENGES;  PROFITABILITY;  ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT;  ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES;  EMPLOYER;  ECONOMIES OF SCALE;  FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION;  HOUSEHOLDS;  ACCESS TO SERVICES;  ECONOMIC CRISIS;  FISCAL REFORM;  PUBLIC FINANCES;  PRIVATE INVESTORS;  MINORITY GROUPS;  EARNINGS;  PUBLIC SCHOOLS;  PUBLIC SCHOOL;  PURCHASING POWER PARITY;  FISCAL DISCIPLINE;  REMITTANCES;  LABOR MARKETS;  GENDER ROLES;  SELF-EMPLOYMENT;  AGRICULTURAL TRADE;  PRODUCTION CAPACITY;  FINANCIAL DEPTH;  INCOME GROUPS;  EMPLOYEES;  ACCESS TO EMPLOYMENT;  HOUSEHOLD INCOMES;  TARIFFS;  BUSINESS OWNERS;  NEW MARKET;  LINE OF CREDIT;  DEPOSIT;  BARRIERS TO GROWTH;  CREDIT CARDS;  RECEIPT;  PROFIT MARGINS;  PEOPLE;  CAPITAL ACCUMULATION;  RURAL BORROWERS;  PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS;  FISCAL DEFICITS;  ILLITERACY;  GUARANTEES;  ENROLLMENT;  EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES;  INTEREST RATE;  PROPERTY RIGHTS;  BANKING SYSTEM;  INCOME GROUP;  BANK ACCOUNT;  EXCLUSION;  SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY;  WELFARE;  LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE;  ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY;  SUBSIDY;  INCOME TAX;  SAVING;  CULTURAL NORMS;  CREDITORS;  TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE;  ELIGIBLE CHILDREN;  INTERNATIONAL FINANCE;  INEQUITABLE ACCESS;  VULNERABLE GROUP;  SAVINGS;  MORTGAGES;  ECONOMIC CRISES;  ACCESS TO FINANCING;  UNION;  ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY;  EXTORTION;  SCHOLARSHIPS;  TAX EXEMPTIONS;  INTEREST RATES;  ACCESS TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS;  HOUSEHOLD INCOME;  LIMITED ACCESS;  PRIVATE INVESTMENT;  EDUCATION SYSTEM;  SOCIAL SECURITY;  POOR ACCESS;  LOANS;  SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT;  UNEQUAL ACCESS;  WEALTH CREATION;  REAL ESTATE;  EARNING CAPACITY;  FINANCE;  FOREIGN CURRENCY;  MINIMUM WAGES;  ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS;  PUBLIC INVESTMENT;  EDUCATION SPENDING;  EXPENDITURE;  UNEMPLOYMENT;  COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS;  EQUITY;  DEBT PAYMENTS;  DISPARITIES IN ACCESS;  CREDIT CONSTRAINTS;  FORMS OF CREDIT;  OPERATING COSTS;  ACCESS TO CAPITAL;  WOMAN;  EDUCATION LEVELS;  FAMILY;  CREDIT;  PURCHASING POWER;  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS;  WORKING CAPITAL;  URBAN AREAS;  AGRICULTURAL SECTOR;  ADMINISTRATIVE BURDENS;  EXPENDITURES;  ENTERPRISE;  PROPERTY;  EMPLOYMENT GROWTH;  JOB CREATION;  NUTRITION;  EMPLOYERS;  BANK ACCOUNTS;  ACCESS TO CREDIT;  HUMAN RIGHTS;  AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS;  ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS;  SECURITY;  INVESTMENT;  EXTREME POVERTY;  EDUCATION ACCESS;  EQUALITY;  COLLATERAL;  FINANCIAL MARKETS;  TARIFF;  ENTREPRENEURIAL ABILITIES;  ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY;  COOPERATION;  EXTERNAL SHOCKS;  HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD;  REVENUE;  EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS;  LEVELS OF INCOME INEQUALITY;  STUDENTS;  BORROWING;  INVESTMENTS;  RISK MANAGEMENT;  DEBIT CARD;  HOUSEHOLD WELFARE;  EXCHANGE RATE;  FAMILIES;  LACK OF INFORMATION;  WOMEN;  OUTSTANDING LOANS;  SMALL BUSINESSES;  FISCAL LOSSES;  GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION;  INEQUALITY;  Report;  Rapport;  Informe; 

年份：

2015

出版地：

Washington,USA

语种：

English

摘要：

Honduras is Central America's second-largest country with a population of more than 8 million and a land area of about 112,000 square kilometers. The 20th century witnessed a profound economic transformation and modernization in Honduras. Honduras' persistent poverty is the result of long-term low per capita growth and high inequality, perpetuated by the country's high vulnerability to shocks. First, over the past 40 years the country has experienced modest growth rates marked by considerable volatility. Second, high levels of inequality have weakened the ability for growth to reduce poverty by limiting the extent to which a large segment of the population is able to fully access physical and human capital. Third, a large share of the population is vulnerable and exposed to regular shocks - both large and small which has exacerbated poverty by destroying or slowing asset accumulation. This systematic country diagnostic (SCD) explores the drivers of these development outcomes in Honduras, and reflects on the policy priorities that should underlie a development strategy focused on eradicating poverty and boosting shared prosperity. After identifying a number of critical factors affecting the country's development outcomes, the SCD concludes that there is a need for a comprehensive agenda that tackles simultaneously the problems that have kept the country in a low development equilibrium for many decades, as well as emerging challenges that have the potential not only to prevent progress but also worsen the current situation. The SCD also argues that the policy agenda needs to be ambitious and move away from marginal interventions in order to move Honduras from a situation where its economic potentials are just potentials to another where they become actuals.