Magnetic gradients are used to transport Magnetic Nano Particles through a barrier, for example, the cribiform (also spelled “cribriform”) plate, which is a porous bony structure which separates the nasal cavity from the cranial vault. By utilizing a configuration of magnets (whether of the electromagnetic type or permanent magnets), MNPs can be propelled, pushed, pulled or otherwise manipulated in relation to an anatomical and/or physiological barrier, to position, re-position or maintain the position(s) of the MNPs.
