The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition, in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion, characterized in that it comprises a 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid polymer, a copolymer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid and of an alcohol(meth)acrylate, and a hydrophobic-modified inulin-based amphiphilic polymer, the globules of the said emulsion having a mean size ranging from 15 to 500 microns and the oily phase being present in an amount of less than 35% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The invention also relates to a cosmetic process for treating keratin materials.