An ear-canal mounted sound transducer system comprises a miniature sound transducer mounted in a soft, acoustically transparent material, and is suitable for shallow, semi-deep or deep placement inside the ear canal of a user, and for use with or without a personal hearing protective device. The sound transducer may be a microphone or a speaker, and is optionally attached to a flat flexible cable, connected to an analyzer or a signal source. Also provided is an improved method for measuring level of noise attenuation using the ear-canal mounted sound microphone.