The invention relates to therapeutic compounds which are inhibitors of serineproteases, to pharmaceutical compositionsthereof and to their use in the treatment of the human or animal body. Morespecifically, the present invention relates to amethod for the treatment of neutropenia comprising the administration to asubject in need thereof of a therapeutically effectiveamount of a serine protease inhibitor. The invention also comprises preventionof apoptosis of myeloid cells (1) during and aftertransfection of bone marrow cells performed for gene therapy, (2) during bloodstem cell mobilization performed for reconstitutionof hematopoiesis and (3) during infusion of cells of the myeloid lineage forreconstitution of hematopoiesis for gene therapyor for treatment of neutropenia by infusion of neutrophils.
