The present invention is based on the finding that administration of polypeptides comprising at least one immunoglobulin single variable domain (ISVD) against von Willebrand Factor (vWF) to human patients with a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) episode, e.g. an initial episode and/or recurrent episode of TTP, results in improved outcomes, including a faster time to platelet count response lower proportion of patients with either death, recurrence or a major thromboembolic event (TE) during the treatment period, lower recurrence rate, and prevention of refractoriness. The invention provides a polypeptide comprising at least one ISVD against vWF for use in treating a vWF-related disease, preferably TTP, in a human in need thereof. The invention further relates to dosage unit forms, kits and medical uses for treating TTP.本發明係基於以下發現：向患有血栓性血小板減少性紫癲(TTP)發作，例如TTP初次發作及/或復發性發作之人類患者投與包含針對馮威里氏因子(von Willebrand Factor；vWF)之至少一個免疫球蛋白單一可變域(ISVD)之多肽會產生改善結果，包括較快的血小板計數響應時間、治療期間病患死亡、復發或重度血栓栓塞事件(TE)之比例較低、較低的復發率及預防不應性。本發明提供一種包含至少一個針對vWF之ISVD之多肽，其用於治療有需要之人類之vWF相關疾病，較佳TTP。本發明進一步係關於用於治療TTP之單位劑型、套組及醫學用途。
