Disclosed is a flexible surgical instrument system, comprising a flexible surgical instrument (10) and a driving unit (20), wherein the flexible surgical instrument (10) comprises a distal structural body (101), a proximal structural body (102) and a middle connecting body (103)； the distal structural body (101) comprises a distal structural segment (104, 105), the distal structural segment (104, 105) comprising a distal spacing disk (106, 109), a distal fixing disk (107, 110) and structural backbones (108, 111)； the proximal structural body (102) comprises a proximal structural segment (112, 113), the proximal structural segment (112, 113) comprising a proximal spacing disk (114, 117), a proximal fixing disk (115, 118) and structural backbones (116, 119)； the middle connecting body (103) comprises channel fixing plates (120) and structural backbone guide channels (121)； the driving unit (20) comprises a motor part (206), a motion conversion part (207) and linear motion mechanisms (201)； the motor part (206) comprises a first fixing plate (208) and a first motor (209)； the motion conversion part (207) comprises transmission chains (210), the transmission chain (210) converts a rotational output of the first motor (209) into a linear motion of output rods (222, 223), the linear motion is transferred to an input end of the linear motion mechanism (201) through a sterile barrier (224), an output end of the linear motion mechanism (201) is connected to one end of a driving backbone (202), the driving backbone (202) passes through the proximal spacing disks (114, 117), and the other end of the driving backbone is connected to the proximal fixing disk (115, 118).
