The cations are directly applied by liquid pulverization to residues of strawy crops left on soil by cereal or corn-grain crops and by sequence incorporated on a surface of pre-sowing soil of non-leguminous winter crops. The cations are provided in equivalents per hectare of residues of strawy crops on soil ranging between 10 and 30 moles and approximately 12 to 15 moles. Crop residues on the soil are azotobacterised using amount of inocula of Azotobacteraceae cells ranging between specific values per hectare.