The present invention relates to a composition for washing and conditioning keratin materials, comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium:one or more anionic surfactants,one or more liquid fatty alcohols, andone or more ethers of a fatty alcohol and of an oxyethylenated polyol of formula (I).The invention also relates to the use of the said composition for washing and conditioning keratin materials, and to a process for washing and conditioning keratin materials using it.