The present invention concerns a simple RNA strand, which includes, from extremity 3&prime； to extremity 5&prime；, (i) a sequence of complementary nucleic acid to the non-coding region 5&prime； (5&prime；UTR) of the genomic RNA (strand (+)) of the hepatitis C virus (VHC) or another RNA virus replicating thanks to an RNA dependent RNA polymerase, the nucleic acid sequence of which allows the replication of said simple RNA strand molecule by the replication complex of said virus, (ii) the complementary nucleic acid sequence of a corresponding nucleic acid sequence from the site of internal entry of the ribosome (1RES), and (iii) the complementary nucleic acid sequence of a suicide gene or a coding gene for a protein interfering with the replication of the VHC virus or another RNA virus replicating thanks to an RNA dependent RNA polymerase； an ADN molecule allowing the transcription of said simple RNA strand molecule； a vector of nucleic acids including said molecules of nucleic acids； and a pharmaceutical compound including said molecules of nucleic acids or said vector of nucleic acid.
