The present invention relates to the bioprinting technical field, and in particular relates to a bioprinter and a calibration method thereof. The bioprinter provided by the present invention comprises a control device, a first detection device, and a second detection device, wherein the first detection device is capable of sending a first signal to the control device when the spray device moves to a first position along the Z-axis direction such that the control device calibrates the preset length value of the spray device, and the second detection device is capable of sending a second signal to the control device when the second detection device moves to a second position along the Z-axis direction such that the control device calibrates the preset height value of the printing material initial adhesion surface. The present invention can automatically calibrate the preset length value of the spray device and the preset height value of the printing material initial adhesion surface, which can not only simplify the operation and reduce the labor intensity of the operator, but also effectively improve the measurement accuracy, ensure consistent accuracy between multiple measurements, and improve the operational reliability.
