The present invention relates to uses and methods of parathyroid hormone (PTH), preferably PTH (1-34), and/or parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), preferably PTHrP (1-34), for recruiting stem cells into tissue suffering from ischemia, wherein said stem cells are preferably capable of repairing and/or regenerating said tissue suffering from ischemia. Accordingly, the uses and methods of the present invention are preferably suitable for the prevention and/or treatment of ischemia. Moreover, the present invention relates to a composition comprising parathyroid hormone (PTH), preferably PTH (1-34), and/or parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), preferably PTHrP (1-34), and/or G-CSF or a G-CSF fragment for use as a pharmaceutical composition. In a particular aspect, a DPP IV antagonist is applied in the uses, methods and/or compositions of the present invention.
