Disclosed are: a process for producing a novel carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) structure which is useful as a medical material, particularly an adhesion-preventing material； and a CMC structure which has excellent biocompatibility and bioabsorbability and of which the period required for developing the function thereof and the period required for the dissolution thereof can be controlled, or a CMC structure which can exhibit both an adhesion-preventing effect and a wound-healing effect at the same time. The structure is substantially composed of carboxymethyl cellulose components, wherein an oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose and an alkali metal type carboxymethyl cellulose are contained in a mixed state. The process is characterized in that the outside of a structure composed of an alkali metal type (or acid type) carboxymethyl cellulose is treated with an acid (or an alkali) and the acid treatment (or the alkali treatment) is completed before the alkali metal type (or acid type) carboxymethyl cellulose is entirely converted into an acid type (or alkali metal type) carboxymethyl cellulose.
