Disclosed herein is novel use of telbivudine for improving kidney and/or heart function of a subject having a kidney disease, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD).所揭示內容是關於替比夫定(telbivudine)改善腎臟病患者(如,急性腎損傷(acute kidney injury, AKI)患者或是慢性腎臟病(Chronic kidney disease, CKD)患者)之腎臟功能和/或心臟功能的新穎用途。