The invention discloses an application of vanadium compound. The vanadium compound is used for preparing medicine or heath care products or food additives which are used for preventing or curing Alzheimers disease. The vanadium compound is capable of preventing the formation of neurofibrillary tangles which are the important pathological feature of Alzheimers disease or reversing the pathological process of the Alzheimers disease. At the same time, the vanadium compound is also capable of preventing the nerve cell apoptosis or playing the function of protecting neurons.