The present invention provides a light-sensitive composition exhibiting exceptional lithographic performance and forming a film that exhibits an exceptional refractive index, a dispersion composition, a method for manufacturing a color filter using the same, a color filter, and a solid-state imaging element. This light-sensitive composition contains at least an alkali-soluble resin having a repeating unit represented by the formula (X) or an alkali-soluble resin having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 100-250ºC, inorganic particles, a dispersant, a photoinitiator, and a polymerizable compound. In the formula (X), R1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. L1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group. A represents a substituted or an unsubstituted fused aromatic ring group.
