The invention relates to the non-therapeutic, cosmetic use, as an agent for coloring keratin materials, of at least one cannabinoid compound selected from among the compounds of general formula (I), as well as the geometric and optical isomers thereof, the cosmetically acceptable acid or base salts thereof, and the hydrates thereof, i.e. the compounds of formula (I) where: R1 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C30 alkyl group, said alkyl group being optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group (OH)； R2 is a halogen atom, or a group selected from among hydroxyl, thiol (SH), and amino, optionally substituted with one or more C1-C6 alkyl groups； R3 and R4 form an oxo group together with the carbon atom having same, or R3 and R4 are a hydrogen atom； R5 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group； X is a heteroatom selected from among the oxygen and sulphur atoms and the divalent group -N(R6)-, where R6 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group； - - - - is a single or double bond； n is 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2, it being understood that when R3 and R4 form an oxo group together with the carbon atom having same, and X is an oxygen atom, then R1 cannot be a hydroxymethyl group. The invention also relates to one of said specific cannabinoid compounds, to be used in the treatment of vitiligo or pityriasis versicolor, to non-therapeutic, cosmetic methods for coloring the skin or for treating the whitening of the hair, which includes topically applying, to the skin and/or to the hair, or orally delivering a composition including, in a physiologically acceptable medium, one of said cannabinoid compounds, and to a method for selecting an active agent that promotes the pigmentation of the keratin materials.L'invention concerne l'utilisation cosmétique non-thérapeutique d'au moins un composé cannabinoïde choisi parmi les composés répondant à la formule énérale (I): ainsi que ses isomères géométriques et optiques, ses sels d'acide ou de base cosmétiquement acceptables, et ses hydrates； co
