A heart-rate monitoring system for a monitoring subject for increasing performance improvement efficiency by the monitoring subject includes a heart-rate monitoring device having a sensor. The sensor is not in direct physical contact with the monitoring subject. The sensor provides sensing data the heart-rate monitoring device calculates, from the sensing data, monitoring data relative to heart rate variability of the monitoring subject. The system includes an application server processing the monitoring data to calculate processed data and a user device for displaying the processed data in a format that increases the performance improvement efficiency by the monitoring subject.
