The invention concerns dermatological or cosmetic compositions having a depigmenting action by topical application and comprising at least an effective amount of the specific combination of six constituents. It also concerns the use of an effective amount of said specific combination of six constituents acting in combination on melanogenesis as active compounds for the preparation of a dermatological composition intended for treating pathological or accidental hyperpigmentation. Finally, it concerns a cosmetic treatment method intended to improve the aesthetic appearance of the skin, consisting of applying a sufficient amount of a composition according to the invention to the skin.