In some aspects, methods and probiotic compositions are provided for the treatment of bone diseases such as, e.g., ostetoporosis. In some embodiments, one or more bacteria from the warm microbiota such as, e.g., Clostridialeace-assimilate, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteriaceae, Akkermansia, and/or Parabacteroides may be administered to a subject, such as a human subject, to treat the bone disease. In some embodiments, heat may be applied to the subject to promote the development of warm microbiota to treat the bone disease.
