An apparatus and method for removing sewage and preventing a living shrimp from escaping in a circulating water shrimp culture system. A bottom sewage collecting pipe (2) is placed at the bottom of a culture pond, and has a sewage collecting opening (12) provided thereon； a living shrimp escape prevention frame (8) is provided in a water-return sewage discharging groove (7)； an escape prevention net (9) is mounted in the living shrimp escape prevention frame (8)； one end of the bottom sewage collecting pipe (2) is closed, and the other end is communicated with the interior of the escape prevention net (9) by means of a water return pipe； one end of a water level adjusting pipe (10) is inserted into the water-return sewage discharging groove (7) and located at the outside of the living shrimp escape prevention frame (8), and the other end is connected with the water return pipeline of a water circulating system by means of a lower water return pipe (11)； a water level is adjusted by means of the height of the water level adjusting pipe (10) inserted into the water-return sewage discharging groove (7). Culture water, sewage, and the living shrimp enter the bottom sewage collecting pipe (2) by means of the sewage collecting opening (12), and enter the escape prevention net (9) by means of the water return pipe； sewage flows out from holes on the escape prevention net (9) and the living shrimp escape prevention frame (8), and enters the lower water return pipe (11) by means of the water level adjusting pipe (10) so as to flow into the water return pipeline of the water circulating system； the living shrimp, and a shrimp shell and a dead shrimp in the sewage are filtered by the escape prevention net (9) and the living shrimp escape prevention frame (8), and are remained in the living shrimp escape prevention frame (8), the shrimp shell and the dead shrimp are removed, and the living shrimp is placed back into a circulating water culture pond. The present invention is hel
