The present invention relates to a nucleic acid aptamer composition which binds to an AHAS (Acetohydroxyacid Synthase) protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is a causative agent of tuberculosis, and inhibits its activity. By using the composition of the present invention, Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be inhibited without side effects.본 발명은 결핵 원인균인 미코박테리움 튜버쿨로시스의 AHAS(Acetohydroxyacid Synthase) 단백질에 결합하여 활성을 저해하는 핵산 앱타머 조성물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 조성물을 사용함으로써 부작용 없이 미코박테리움 튜버쿨로시스를 억제할 수 있다.