The device for examining and surgically operating on body cavities, in particular the anal and vaginal cavities, comprises an elongate hollow body (2) exhibiting an insertion portion (3) for at least a partial insertion of the device (1) internally of the cavity and an open portion (4), through which the doctor or surgeon can operate. The hollow body (2) exhibits a longitudinal window (5) through which the pathological site of interest on the cavity wall can be isolated. The hollow body (2) exhibits, along the longitudinal window, a transversal section constituted by a curved sector, ends of which extend in a substantially parallel directions which diverge in such a way as to stretch the affected portion of cavity without invading the viewing space and/or the maneuvering space defined by the hollow body (2).
