The present invention relates to a smart mushroom cultivation control system and mushroom cultivation control method. According to the present invention, the system comprises: a main control part (2) for collectively managing a mushroom growth chamber (100) to enable a mushroom growth environment in the mushroom growth chamber (100) to maintain predetermined conditions of temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration in accordance with a cultivation period； multiple sensing parts (4) installed in a vertical direction in the mushroom growth chamber (100) by comprising sensors to monitor the temperature (6), humidity (8), and carbon dioxide concentration (10) and determine the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom growth chamber (100)； a temperature control part (12) controlling the temperature of the mushroom growth chamber (100) through heating and cooling machines (22)(20) in accordance with a growth environment preset for a growth period under the control of the main control part (2)； a humidity control part (30) controlling the humidity of the mushroom growth chamber (100) through a humidifier (32) in accordance with the growth environment preset for the growth period under the control of the main control part (2)； and a carbon dioxide concentration control part (34) for controlling the carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom growth chamber (100) through an intake and exhaust part in accordance with the growth environment preset for the growth period of the mushroom under the control of the main control part (2). As such, the present invention can cultivate high quality mushrooms by collectively controlling the growth environment including the temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of the mushroom growth chamber (100), and increase productivity by shortening periods for mushroom cultivation by maintaining a different growth environment depending on the number of cultivation days.본 발명은 버섯 생육실(100) 내
