PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an artificial culture medium for mushrooms, making it possible to obtain mushrooms in a high yield, by overcoming such defects in conventional mushroom-bed artificial cultivation that repeated cultivation of a large quantity of mushrooms earnestly requires to be improved in its productivity in terms of expensive production cost resulted from poor yield and a considerably long cultivation term, and to provide an artificial cultivation method for mushrooms using the artificial culture medium for mushrooms. SOLUTION: The artificial culture medium for mushrooms contains a calcium aluminate hydrate. The artificial cultivation method for mushrooms comprises a process of using the artificial culture medium for mushrooms.