The purpose of the present invention is to provide an effective drug for the prevention or treatment of peripheral neuropathy developed as a side effect of the administration of an anticancer agent. This invention provides a drug containing a C10 fatty acid ester as an effective component thereof, for the prevention or treatment of peripheral neuropathy arising from the administration of a drug including at least one type of anticancer agent. This drug having said compound as the effective component thereof is highly useful as a drug for the prevention or treatment of peripheral neuropathy caused by the administration of the anticancer agent.