The present disclosure describes improvements to personal heating that can raise the temperature of a target (e.g., a human) to maintain comfort, but at much less operating costs of conventional heating devices, e.g., space heaters. The embodiments describe devices (and system and methods) that utilize an energy beam (e.g., having a wavelength in the infrared spectrum) that changes the temperature of the outer layers of skin on a human. These embodiments offer an individualize solution to personal heating at relatively low energy consumption.
