The invention relates to an apparatus (30, 50) for modulating one or more nerves within a body of a patient comprising:- a source of energy (320) for generating an electric field；- one or more electrodes (45, 345) coupled to the source of energy；- an interface (351, 42) coupled to the electrodes and positionable against an outer skin surface of the patient；- a conduction medium (350) electrically coupling the electrodes with the interface,- a housing having an outer enclosure enclosing the electrodes and the conduction medium, wherein at least a portion of the outer enclosure comprises the interface；and wherein the source of energy is configured to deliver one or more electrical impulses from the electrodes through the conductive medium, the interface and the outer skin surface to a nerve at a target region within the patient.
