The invention relates to a surgical device (1) for the temporary protection of an anastomosis (5) on the colon (12, 13, 14), the rectum (11) or the anal canal (10), including: a) a semi-rigid hollow longitudinal anchoring element, referred to as a temporary anchoring element (2), having a so-called first wall including a substantially cylindrical running portion (2a) with a substantially circular cross-section having a length (L1) of at least 50 mm, preferably of between 70 and 150 mm, said first wall having an outer diameter that can be varied in a controlled manner； and b) a flexible sheath (3) coupled to said anchoring element (2) against and preferably around said first wall and having a length (L3) downstream from said anchoring member (2) of at least 50 cm, preferably at least 1 m, and an outer diameter at rest of 20 to 40 mm, preferably of 25 to 33 mm, said sheath being made of a biocompatible elastomer material having a wall thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm.
