The present invention relates to an anticancer composition comprising a recombinant adenovirus which expresses a degradation factor for the extracellular matrix. The recombinant adenovirus according to the present invention exhibits an excellent anti-tumor effect by remarkably reducing the main structural components of the extracellular matrix in a tumor tissue, including collagen I, collagen III, fibronectin, elastin, and the like and highly expressing a therapeutic gene selectively only in tumor cells through viral proliferation. Particularly, when administered in combination with preexisting anticancer agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors, the recombinant adenovirus significantly increases the diffusion and distribution of the co-administered therapeutic materials in tumor tissues while allowing the exertion of the preexisting anticancer effects, thereby further improving an anti-tumor effect. Accordingly, the present invention may be available as a core technique in the cancer treatment field.
