This invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment, management or prevention of injuries to one or more of the organs of the body, such as the brain, heart, lung, kidneys, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, of humans or other mammals caused by one or more anticancer agents. The methods of this invention consist of the administration of an effective amount of one or more pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-like compounds, which includes native human PACAP38, native human PACAP27, native human vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), their agonists, analogs, fragments, and derivatives, with activities toward one or more of the PACAP/VIP receptors, including all of their various isoforms. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions of one or more PACAP-like compounds of the invention either alone or in combination with one or more other prophylactic/therapeutic agents useful for the treatment, management or prevention of injuries to the organs of the body of humans or other mammals undergoing cancer chemotherapy. Combination therapy with one or more PACAP- like compounds plus one or more anticancer agents can be used in the treatment of hematological cancers.La présente invention concerne des procédés et des compositions pour le traitement, le contrôle ou la prévention de lésions dun ou plusieurs des organes du corps, tels que le cerveau, le cœur, le poumon, les reins, le foie, et le tractus gastro-intestinal, dhumains ou dautres mammifères causées par un ou plusieurs agents anticancéreux. Les procédés de cette invention consistent en ladministration dune quantité efficace dun ou plusieurs composés de type polypeptide activateur dadénylate cyclase hypophysaire (PACAP), qui comprennent PACAP38 humain natif, PACAP27 humain natif, le peptide intestinal vasoactif (VIP) humain natif, leurs agonistes, analogues, fragments, et dérivés, ayant des activités sur un ou plusieurs des récepteurs de PACAP/VIP, comprenant toutes leurs
