The present invention relates to methods of preparing a DNA comprising steps, wherein (a) a DNA comprising a full length copy of the genomic RNA (gRNA) of an RNA virus； or (b) a DNA comprising one or several fragments of a gRNA of an RNA virus, which fragments code for an RNA dependent RNA polymerase and at least one structural or non-structural protein； or (c) a DNA having a homology of at least 60% to the sequences of (a) or (b)； is cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). <；??>；Additionally, DNAs are provided, which comprise sequences derived from the genomic RNA (gRNA) of a coronavirus which sequences have a homology of at least 60% to the natural sequence of the virus and code for an RNA dependent RNA polymerase and at least one structural or non-structural protein, wherein a fragment of said DNA is capable of being transcribed into RNA which RNA can be assembled to a virion. <；??>；Further, the use of these nucleic acids for preparation of viral RNA or virions as well as pharmaceutical preparations comprising these DNAs, viral RNAs or virions is disclosed. <；IMAGE>；
