The invention disclosed herein relates to the use of thrombomodulin in the manufacture of a medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of a chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathic pain. Also provided by the present invention is the use of thrombomodulin for manufacture of a medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of a chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathic pain caused by an anticancer agent, and wherein the medicament is formulated for administration together with the anticancer agent.