The present invention relates to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for use in the treatment of bronchial asthma by administering via the airway an effective amount of GM-CSF or a functional homologue thereof. The invention further relates to a method for treating bronchial asthma comprising the administration of GM-CSF to a patient in need thereof, in particular moderate and severe forms of bronchial asthma.
