The disclosure provides compositions, methods and kits for treatment of neuronal injury. In one embodiment, the composition comprises polyethylene glycol (PEG), and magnesium in one composition. In another embodiment, the composition comprises PEG, and magnesium, where the PEG is in separate composition and the magnesium is in a separate composition. In yet another embodiment, the PEG and/or the magnesium may be administered to treat spinal cord injury.