The present invention relates to an emulsion-type cosmetic composition for coating keratin fibers, comprising: —an aqueous phase, —particles comprising at least one hard wax, preferentially in the form of an aqueous dispersion, having a melting point greater than or equal to 60° C., the hard wax(es) being present at a total content greater than or equal to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, —at least one emulsifying system capable of dispersing at least the hard wax(es), comprising a non-ionic surfactant with an HLB value at 25° C. greater than or equal to 8, preferably greater than or equal to 10, and —at least one particular anionic associative polymer. The present invention also relates to a method for coating keratin fibers, to a method for preparing a cosmetic composition for coating keratin fibers, to a cosmetic composition for coating keratin fibers which is obtained by means of said production method, and also to a particular use.
