The present invention relates to a robot-based autism diagnosis device using an electroencephalogram and to a method therefor. The invention comprises: an electroencephalogram signal detector which is worn on or attached to the head of a child showing signs of autism and detects an electroencephalogram signal generated following an event which is provided and a robot for diagnosing the degree of autism on receiving the electroencephalogram signal detected by the electroencephalogram signal detector. In the invention, a relatively accurate judgment is made as to whether autism is present, and autism diagnosis is achieved at an early stage such that autistic children can receive treatment for the signs of autism at an early stage.
