Disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of addiction comprising a PDE7 inhibitor and a further therapeutic agent, wherein each of the PDE7 inhibitor and the additional therapeutic agent is present in an amount effective to contribute to the effective treatment or reduced likelihood of an addiction, wherein the PDE7 inhibitory agent is a selective PDE7 inhibitor for which the lesser of the IC50 for inhibiting PDE7A activity and the IC50 for inhibiting PDE7B activity is less than one tenth the IC50 that the agent has for inhibiting the activity of all other PDE enzymes from the PDE1-6 and PDE8-11 enzyme families, and wherein the additional therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of: an opioid antagonist, a mixed opioid partial agonist/antagonist, an antidepressant, an antiepileptic, an antiemetic, a corticotrophin-releasing factor-1 (CRF-1) receptor antagonist, a selective serotonin-3 (5-HT3) antagonist, a 5-HT2A/2C antagonist, a cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor antagonist, an opioid, or nicotine.
