A surgical controlling system comprising: means to real-time locate the 3D spatial position of at least one surgical tool insertable into a surgical environment of a body, in communication with a movement detection means and a movement database； and a controller in communication with a controller database and the movement detection means. The movement database stores 3D spatial positions of surgical tools at times tf and t0； it has moved if its 3D spatial position at time tf differs from that at time t0. Rules stored in the controller database determine ALLOWED and RESTRICTED movements of surgical tools and are used to control the surgical tools' spatial positions. Rules include: most used tool, right tool, left tool, field of view, no fly zone, route, environmental, operator input, proximity, collision prevention, history-based, tool-dependent ALLOWED and RESTRICTED movement, preferred volume zone, preferred tool, movement detection, tagged tool, and change of speed rules.
