A method and device for measuring spinal column curvature. The method comprises the following steps: S1. acquiring a spinal column image by using a three-dimensional ultrasound imaging unit (100)； S2. enhancing, dissecting, and thinning the spinal column image； S3. obtaining, on the basis of the enhanced, dissected, and thinned spinal column image, a curve point representing a position of a vertebra； S4. generating a final spinal column curve by using the curve point； S5. and calculating a spinal column curvature angle by using an inflection point of the spinal column curve. The device comprises: the three-dimensional ultrasound imaging unit (100)； a processor (200)； and an operating sensor (300). The method and device use three-dimensional ultrasound imaging to simplify spinal column curvature angle measurement, and use a manual process, a computer-assisted process, or a combination of the two processes to collect the curve point, simplify an operation method, and improve the precision of a spinal column curvature angle measurement.
