The invention is directed to methods for preventing and/or treating necrotizing enterocolitis. The invention is further directed to reducing inflammation of the intestinal mucosa associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. The invention is further directed to methods for preventing and/or treating necrotizing enterocolitis and/or inflammation of the intestinal mucosa associated with necrotizing enterocolitis by administering to a subject suffering from such conditions, or at risk of developing such conditions, novel cellular factor-containing solution compositions (referred to herein as “CFS” compositions), including novel sustained-release cellular factor-containing solution compositions (referred to herein as “SR-CFS” compositions).